North Carolina · county
One thing here needs attention.
Two things could not be determined from the record.
Public records for Buncombe County cover 141 named waterways across 38 sub-watersheds, and 105 active water systems serving about 205,425 people. Below is what those records establish — and what they don't.
A state determination under the Clean Water Act. This is one of several assessed waterways in the area you searched — search a street address to see which waters connect to you.
Official determination, waterway near you · U.S. EPA / state agency — ATTAINS assessed waters
| Waterway | Swimming | Eating the fish | Listed causes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cane Creek | Not considered safe | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS, FECAL COLIFORM |
| FRENCH BROAD RIVER | Not considered safe | Meets the standard | FECAL COLIFORM, BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS |
| Newfound Creek | Not considered safe | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS, FECAL COLIFORM |
| Swannanoa River | Not considered safe | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS, FECAL COLIFORM |
| Brandy Branch | Not assessed | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS |
| BROAD RIVER | Meets the standard | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS |
| Hominy Creek | Not considered safe | Not assessed | FECAL COLIFORM |
| Ivy Creek (River) | Not considered safe | Not assessed | FECAL COLIFORM |
| Little Ivy Creek (River) | Not considered safe | Not assessed | FECAL COLIFORM |
| PIGEON RIVER (Waterville Lake below elevation 2258) | Meets the standard | Meets the standard | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS |
| Powell Creek (Lake Julian) | Not assessed | Not assessed | TEMPERATURE |
| Ross Creek (Lake Kenilworth) | Not assessed | Not assessed | BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES BIOASSESSMENTS |
Showing 12 of 141 waterways on record — the full report has all of them. "Not considered safe" is a state determination under the Clean Water Act, not a measurement taken today. "Not assessed" means unknown — never clean.
| System | Serves | Health-based violations since 2021 | Without recorded resolution |
|---|---|---|---|
| City of Asheville | 157,431 | 1 | 1 |
| Town of Black Mountain | 11,976 | 1 | 1 |
| Woodfin Sanitary Water and Sewer | 10,122 | 2 | 2 |
| Town of Weaverville | 8,359 | 0 | 0 |
| Town of Biltmore Forest | 1,356 | 1 | 1 |
| Royal Gorge Water Utility | 950 | 0 | 0 |
| Biltmore Estates | 857 | 0 | 0 |
| Bent Creek Water System | 800 | 0 | 0 |
| Montreat Water System | 798 | 1 | 1 |
| Leicester Elem School | 679 | 0 | 0 |
| Northview MHP | 516 | 1 | 1 |
| Barnardsville Elem School | 460 | 0 | 0 |
Showing the 12 largest of 105 active systems serving the county. Health-based violations are shown alone — administrative (paperwork) records are counted separately and never added in, because most violation records are paperwork.
No public dataset can establish that any tap is safe or unsafe — records have gaps, lag by up to a quarter, and say nothing about a building's own plumbing or private wells.
What the records do show: 105 active water systems serve Buncombe County. 19 of them currently have an unresolved health-based violation on record. Health-based violations are counted separately from paperwork violations, which make up most records.
State assessments under the Clean Water Act list Cane Creek, FRENCH BROAD RIVER, Newfound Creek, Swannanoa River, Hominy Creek and 2 more as not supporting recreation. That is an official determination about the waterway, not a measurement taken today.
120 of the county's waterways on record have never been assessed for swimming — their condition is unknown.
Datasets refresh on their agencies' cycles — EPA drinking-water records quarterly, state waterway assessments roughly every two years. The sources table on this page lists the version and retrieval date of every dataset used.
| Dataset | Agency version | Retrieved |
|---|---|---|
| EPA/state ATTAINS waterway assessments | ATTAINS_Assessment ArcGIS snapshot (gispub.epa.gov) | 2026-08-15 |
| ATTAINS waterway geometry | ATTAINS_Assessment ArcGIS lines + areas (gispub.epa.gov) | 2026-08-16 |
| Census TIGER county boundaries | Census TIGERweb Counties (current vintage) | 2026-08-16 |
| NC DEQ PFAS monitoring | NC DEQ DWR EQuIS export, samples through 2025-07-29 | 2026-08-17 |
| Census TIGER place boundaries | Census TIGERweb Places (Incorporated + CDP, current vintage) | 2026-08-16 |
| EPA water system service areas | EPA PWS Service Areas v3 (hosted layer, item 80c6912ef14f46e480f5afd807767b4b) | 2026-08-15 |
| EPA Safe Drinking Water Act compliance records | ECHO SDWA quarterly bulk download | 2026-08-16 |
| EPA standards & benchmarks | 2026-08 curation | 2026-08-15 |
| EPA UCMR5 PFAS monitoring | UCMR5 occurrence data (collections through 2025-12-10) | 2026-08-15 |
| USGS watershed boundaries | USGS WBD via National Map MapServer | 2026-08-15 |
Records lag their agencies' refresh cycles — a recent change may not appear yet. Absence from a dataset is absence of a record, never evidence that water is clean.
The interactive report adds the map, monitoring-station samples, permitted operations in connected watersheds, and plain-language explanations of every term.
See the full Buncombe County report